Hallo zusammen!

Ich bastle aktuell an meiner Heim-Automation und wollte meinen Deye per USB-to-RS485 über die RS485 Schnittstelle am BMS-Port einbinden.

Bevor ich das in irgendeiner Software mache und irgendwas nicht funktioniert, habe ich einen ersten Anlauf gemacht, das mit Python unter Linux einmal zu testen. Mit ChatGPT-Unterstützung ging das ganz flott...

Es braucht in meinem Setup 3 Dateien:

deye_registers.py

DEYE_REGISTERS = {
    # --- GRID ---
    "grid_power":         {"addr": 625, "length": 1, "type": "holding", "decode": "int16",   "scale": 1,    "desc": "Grid side total power"},
    "grid_energy":        {"addr": 522, "length": 2, "type": "holding", "decode": "uint32s", "scale": 0.1,  "desc": "Total Grid Buy Power (Wh)"},
    "grid_current_A":     {"addr": 613, "length": 1, "type": "holding", "decode": "int16",   "scale": 0.01, "desc": "Out-of-grid current A"},
    "grid_current_B":     {"addr": 614, "length": 1, "type": "holding", "decode": "int16",   "scale": 0.01, "desc": "Out-of-grid current B"},
    "grid_current_C":     {"addr": 615, "length": 1, "type": "holding", "decode": "int16",   "scale": 0.01, "desc": "Out-of-grid current C"},

    # --- PV ---
    "pv1_power":          {"addr": 672, "length": 1, "type": "holding", "decode": "uint16",  "scale": 1,    "desc": "PV1 input power"},
    "pv2_power":          {"addr": 673, "length": 1, "type": "holding", "decode": "uint16",  "scale": 1,    "desc": "PV2 input power"},
    "pv_total_energy":    {"addr": 534, "length": 2, "type": "holding", "decode": "uint32s", "scale": 0.1,  "desc": "Total PV Power (Wh)"},

    # --- BATTERY ---
    "battery_power":      {"addr": 590, "length": 1, "type": "holding", "decode": "int16",   "scale": 1,    "desc": "Battery output power"},
    "battery_discharge":  {"addr": 518, "length": 2, "type": "holding", "decode": "uint32s", "scale": 0.1,  "desc": "Total discharge of the battery (Wh)"},
    "battery_soc":        {"addr": 588, "length": 1, "type": "holding", "decode": "uint16",  "scale": 1,    "desc": "Battery capacity (SOC)"},
}

modbus_client.py

from pymodbus.client import ModbusSerialClient
from enum import Enum

class DATATYPE(Enum):
    INT16 = ("h", 1)
    UINT16 = ("H", 1)
    INT32 = ("i", 2)
    UINT32 = ("I", 2)
    INT64 = ("q", 4)
    UINT64 = ("Q", 4)
    FLOAT32 = ("f", 2)
    FLOAT64 = ("d", 4)
    STRING = ("s", 0)
    BITS = ("bits", 0)

DECODE_MAP = {
    "int16":   DATATYPE.INT16,
    "uint16":  DATATYPE.UINT16,
    "int32":   DATATYPE.INT32,
    "uint32":  DATATYPE.UINT32,
    "int64":   DATATYPE.INT64,
    "uint64":  DATATYPE.UINT64,
    "float32": DATATYPE.FLOAT32,
    "float64": DATATYPE.FLOAT64,
    "string":  DATATYPE.STRING,
    "bits":    DATATYPE.BITS,
    "uint32s": DATATYPE.UINT32,
    "int32s":  DATATYPE.INT32,
}

class DeyeModbusClient:

    def __init__(self, port="/dev/ttyACM0", baudrate=9600, unit=1):
        self.client = ModbusSerialClient(
            port=port,
            baudrate=baudrate,
            timeout=1,
            stopbits=1,
            bytesize=8,
            parity="N"
        )
        self.unit = unit

    def connect(self):
        return self.client.connect()

    def close(self):
        self.client.close()

    def read_register(self, address, length, data_type):
        result = self.client.read_holding_registers(address=address, count=length, slave=self.unit)
        if not result or result.isError():
            return None
        data_type = DECODE_MAP.get(data_type.lower())
        return self.client.convert_from_registers(
            registers=result.registers,
            data_type=data_type,
            word_order='big'
            )

deye_cli.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import argparse
from deye_registers import DEYE_REGISTERS
from modbus_client import DeyeModbusClient


def main():
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Deye Wechselrichter CLI")
    parser.add_argument("register", help="Name des Registers oder 'all'")
    parser.add_argument("--port", default="/dev/ttyACM0", help="Modbus-RTU Port")
    parser.add_argument("--baudrate", type=int, default=9600, help="Baudrate")
    parser.add_argument("--unit", type=int, default=1, help="Modbus Unit ID")
    args = parser.parse_args()

    client = DeyeModbusClient(port=args.port, baudrate=args.baudrate, unit=args.unit)

    if not client.connect():
        print("❌ Verbindung fehlgeschlagen")
        return

    try:
        if args.register == "all":
            for name, reg in DEYE_REGISTERS.items():
                value = client.read_register(reg["addr"], reg["length"], reg["decode"])
                print(f"{name:20} = {value} ({reg['desc']})")
        else:
            reg = DEYE_REGISTERS.get(args.register)
            if not reg:
                print(f"❌ Unbekanntes Register: {args.register}")
                return
            value = client.read_register(reg["addr"], reg["length"], reg["decode"])
            print(f"{args.register} = {value} ({reg['desc']})")
    finally:
        client.close()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Meine RS485 Schnittstelle ist /dev/ttyACM0.

Ausgabe:

sudo python3 deye_cli.py all
grid_power           = -2984 (Grid side total power)
grid_energy          = 145031168 (Total Grid Buy Power (Wh))
grid_current_A       = 433 (Out-of-grid current A)
grid_current_B       = 447 (Out-of-grid current B)
grid_current_C       = 482 (Out-of-grid current C)
pv1_power            = 432 (PV1 input power)
pv2_power            = 6041 (PV2 input power)
pv3_power            = 0 (PV3 input power)
pv4_power            = 0 (PV4 input power)
pv_total_energy      = 1622671361 (Total PV Power (Wh))
battery_power        = -3 (Battery output power)
battery_discharge    = 882900992 (Total discharge of the battery (Wh))
battery_soc          = 100 (Battery capacity (SOC))
soc_target           = 720907 (SOC target (Min/Max abhängig vom Modus))
soc_time_start       = 500 (SOC time of use 1 (Start))
soc_time_end         = 32768900 (SOC time of use 1 (End))
charge_mode          = 0 (Lade-/Entlademodus-Schalter)

-> Kommunikation läuft. 

Sind die Register vollständig? -> Sicherlich nicht...

Sind alle Werte korrekt skaliert? -> Habe ich nicht geprüft?

Kann man den Code schöner machen? -> Ganz bestimmt!

Provided as is 😉